Apply structured evaluation criteria to judge any design — and develop the professional habit of evidence-based critique.
Learn — read and understand
Evaluation vs opinion: a critical distinction
An opinion says: "I like this design." An evaluation says: "This design effectively solves the stated problem because [evidence]. However, it fails the safety criterion because [specific problem]." Evaluation is structured, evidence-based, and criteria-driven.
The six evaluation criteria for designed objects
Designers use six criteria: (1) Functionality — does it do what it was designed to do? (2) Safety — does it avoid causing harm? (3) Usability — can the intended user use it easily? (4) Aesthetics — does it look appropriate? (5) Durability — does it withstand expected use? (6) Sustainability — does it minimize environmental impact?
The rubric: your evaluation tool
A rubric assigns a score (1–4) to each criterion. Score 4 (Advanced): exceeds requirements. Score 3 (Proficient): meets requirements. Score 2 (Developing): partially meets. Score 1 (Beginning): does not meet requirements. Using a rubric ensures consistency.
From evaluation to improvement action plan
The output of evaluation is not just a score — it is an improvement action plan. For every criterion below 3, write: "The design scored [X] on [criterion] because [evidence]. To improve this, the redesign should [specific action] because [expected benefit]."
Explore — apply evaluation criteria to real designs
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Functionality evaluation
Test: does it actually do the job it was designed for? A pencil holder that tips when you add 5 pencils scores 1/4 — it does not work under normal use.
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Safety evaluation
Check: could any part harm a user? A shelf with sharp corners scores 1/4 on safety — add corner radius ≥5mm.
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Usability evaluation
Test with the actual intended user. A storage box Grade 3 students struggle to open = 2/4 on usability — basic but not optimal.
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Writing the action plan
"Scored [X]/4 on [criterion] because [evidence]. Redesign should [action]." Every weakness drives a specific fix.
Activity — match each design observation to the correct evaluation criterion
Drag or tap a label, then drop/tap on a zone
Functionality
Safety
Usability
Durability
Holds all 20 pencils as intended
Sharp corners cut fingers
Students cannot open the lid
It cracked after one day of use
Quiz — design evaluation, 5 questions
1What is the MOST important evaluation criterion for any designed object?
2What makes an evaluation PROFESSIONAL rather than just an opinion?
3A rubric score of 1 (Beginning) means…
4After evaluating a design and finding weaknesses, you should…
5Why do professional designers evaluate aesthetics LAST?